Preventing Obesity in Kids with Special Needs—Dietitians Play an Integral Role

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The epidemic of obesity affects all U.S. populations, including children with special needs. Although research shows an estimate of 12.8% of U.S. children have a special healthcare need, there is little attention for this group when it comes to obesity prevention programs. These children have a higher risk of being overweight and obese for many reasons including genetic disorders, medications associated with weight gain, mobility limitations impacting physical activity, and extra costs associated with healthcare for the families (Ip, 2011). Some of the common conditions where a greater risk for obesity occurs include Prader-Willi syndrome, cerebral palsy, spinal cord injury, muscular dystrophy, and spina bifida (Ip, 2011).

            Obesity prevention messages and programs in communities are rarely tailored to children with special healthcare needs. Since these kids are less likely to partake in school activities where prevention programs usually take place, they are not exposed to the same messages as other youth. Many of these children may be institutionalized and need individualized care and counseling for their needs (Ip, 2011). One nationwide initiative, “I Can Do It, You Can Do It”, "aimed to increase physical activity and healthful dietary behaviors among children with disabilities," introducing children to mentors that accommodate for their individual needs (Ip, 2011). Another award-winning curriculum, "Putting KIDS FIRST," is an intervention program launched in Arkansas providing similar services to children with special needs, including nutrition, therapy, social services, and developmental skills (Ip, 2011).

            Dietitians play a crucial role in obesity prevention among children with special healthcare needs in many ways. Dietitians have an opportunity to be advocates in the community for addressing the health needs of all children, able-bodied or not. Also, many parents find it tough to limit their child’s food choices because of the difficulties with other activities (Ip, 2011).  Parents and children need the guidance and support to find the balance between enjoyment and healthfulness for the child when it comes to food. Furthermore, children with special needs also benefit from many of the same nutrition messages as any other child, including portion control, regular meals, and eating a balanced diet (Ip, 2011). Therefore, the important role of RDs is to ensure these healthful messages are heard.

-KC

Ip, M. (2011, May). Preventing obesity in kids with special needs: Dietitians play an integral role. Today’s Dietitian. (13)5, 50.

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